Each year, Beauhurst revisits a cohort of British startups who raised equity finance in 2011. 2010 onwards marks the real start of the UK’s startup movement – as our data has shown, VC activity in this country over the past nine years has shown rapid year on year growth, in large part buoyed by the growth of Britain’s fast-maturing tech industry.
1545 British startups raised equity finance in 2011, providing a good sample size, and it’s now been eight years since these funding rounds. The venture capital life cycle for a young company is fluid, and prone to frequent exceptions. As we reported last year, many young companies now seem to be putting off IPOs in favour of larger late-stage private deals. However, the exit horizon for a VC investment is still generally considered somewhere in the 8 – 12 years mark. Our 2011 sample therefore falls nicely into the lower bound of a VC’s preferred time to exit.
The overall picture is mixed. 19% of these businesses have since died. This figure goes up to 21% if you include companies classed as “zombie”, i.e. those displaying passive signs that they have gone out of business. At first glance this seems to dispel the oft-quoted claim that “90% of all startups fail”. However, it’s important to remember that our sample only looks at businesses that have already raised finance, and doesn’t include the many startups that will fail before reaching their first funding round. That said, the figure still seems positive, for the VC due diligence process if nothing else.
Current stage of evolution
Going out of business isn’t the only way a startup can fail, however. These companies raised finance eight years ago, which is eight years this capital has been locked up in what are, for the most part, illiquid ventures. 12% of the companies are still in seed stage, whilst 25% are still in venture stage. Whilst there’s no guarantee some of these companies won’t exit over the next two to four years, it’s unlikely that these figures will shift significantly in that period.
Putting these figures together, 58% of the startups that raised finance in 2011 have either gone out of business, or have so far failed to grow beyond early, pre-revenue stage. From a VC’s point of view, these non-growth businesses can largely be considered a “sunk cost”. “60% of funded startups fail to exit” puts a less positive spin on the situation.
The Successes
Acquisitions
Whilst this “failure” rate is quite high, this cohort does feature internationally successful and well-known startups. These include Skyscanner, DeepMind, Shazam and Addison Lee, all of which were acquired for sizeable sums. From this cohort, 226 companies have since been acquired (15% of the total companies); 21 for sums of or above £100m. The top five acquisitions are listed below.Top acquisitions of companies that raised equity finance in 2011
Whilst not a huge amount has changed, there have been several large and interesting acquisitions in the 12 months since we ran our last analysis of this 2011 cohort, which can be viewed in the following table.
Top acquisitions of 2011 cohort companies since 2018
| Company | Acquirer | Deal Amount | Date of Acquisition |
|---|---|---|---|
|
NewVoiceMedia |
Vonage |
£264m |
September 2018 |
|
Audio Network |
Entertainment One |
£174m |
April 2019 |
|
Chargemaster |
BP |
£130m |
June 2018 |
|
Be At One |
Stonegate Pub Company |
£50m |
July 2018 |
IPOs
32 of the 1545 companies which raised equity in 2011 have gone on to IPO. That’s an IPO rate of 2% after eight years, a figure worth remembering for entrepreneurs who dream of taking their startup to the public markets. The leaderboard for the top IPOs from this cohort is displayed below:Top IPOs by 2011 cohort companies since 2018
| Company | Stock Eschange | IPO Amount | Date of IPO |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Funding Circle |
LSE Mainboard |
£300m |
September 2018 |
|
Nucleus |
AIM |
£32.1m |
July 2018 |
|
i-nexus |
AIM |
£9.2m |
June 2018 |
|
Finncap |
AIM |
£3.75m |
December 2018 |
Future exits?
Past successes aside, there is still a lot of return potential in this cohort for those who invested in 2011. Big hitters who are yet to exit include The Hut Group, Transferwise and BrewDog, who are all part of the UK’s billion dollar startup club.
The Hut Group, fast becoming an e-commerce giant in the health and beauty sector, was rumoured to be considering an IPO last September, amid reports of several takeover bids which valued the business at around £4b. However, their senior management team have downplayed the prospect in the past. International payment processor Transferwise (who were recently valued at $3.5b in a secondary round) also seems happy to remain private for the foreseeable future. Craft brewing giant BrewDog, on the other hand, have laid out plans to IPO in 2020, with London currently stated as the preference over the US. This will provide liquidity to customers who bought shares through their crowdfunding “equity for punks” mechanism.
Another startup from this cohort is Secret Escapes, a members club which sells heavily discounted luxury hotel and travel tickets. Their revenues have boomed from £20m in 2014 to over £70m in 2017. Operating losses are coming down, and the company has earned a place on several prestigious high-growth lists, including LinkedIn’s Top UK Startups, and the London Stock Exchange’s “1000 Companies to Inspire Britain”. Whilst perhaps not headed for an exit soon, Secret Escapes is fast becoming one of the leading startups from this 2011 club.
The Failures
A total of 296 companies which raised equity in 2011 have since gone out of business. Altogether, these companies had raised close to £1b in funding. £313m of this funding took place in 2011.
In terms of the biggest startup failures, the league table is still topped by the same startups as in our last analysis. The top five startup failures have been listed below:
Top failures of 2011 cohort companies by funding raised
| Company | Sector | Total Funding | Date of Death |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Enigma Diagnostics |
Medical Devices |
£82.3m |
April 2017 |
|
Aquamarine Power |
Cleantech |
£53.7m |
March 2016 |
|
Enecsys |
Cleantech |
£45m |
January 2016 |
|
Mirics |
Telecomms |
£32m |
April 2018 |
|
ECO Plastics |
Recycling |
£31.8m |
November 2014 |
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